Tales from the Tower of London:​ Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and Ranulf Flambard

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Since the Middle Ages, the Tower of London has fulfilled many roles including hosting the Crown Jewels. It has, more infamously, also been a prison for many who were viewed as threats or criminals–leading to no shortage of fascinating stories tied to this property. In this episode, Christine and Kristin each share one of their favorite stories about riveting historical figures who found themselves captive in the Tower: Gruffudd ap Llywelyn (son of a Welsh prince) and Ranulf Flambard (the Bishop of Durham).

​Hosts: Christine and Kristin

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Further Reading

Tower of London Official Website, via Historic Royal Palaces. 

About Gruffudd ap Llywelyn
A.D. Carr, “Llywelyn ab Iorwerth [called Llywelyn Fawr] (c. 1173–1240)”, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (2004).

J.E. Lloyd, A History of Wales, Barnes & Noble Books, (1911, reprinted 2004).

Magna Carta (1215), full text via UK National Archives.

Sharon Kay Penman, Falls the Shadow, (1988).

—, Here Be Dragons, (1985).

Thomas Jones Pierce, “Gruddydd ap Llywelyn (died 1244), prince”, Dictionary of Welsh Biography, National Library of Wales (1959). 

J. Beverly Smith, Llywelyn Ap Gruffudd: Prince of Wales, University of Wales Press, (2014).

T. F. Tout, revised by A. D. Carr, “Gruffudd ap Llywelyn (d. 1244)”, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (2004).

About Ranulf Flambard
Charles Arnold-Baker, “Flambard, Ranulf (? - 1128) Bishop of Durham (1099),” in The Companion to British History, (2001).

​R. W. Southern, “Ranulf Flambard and Early Anglo-Norman Administration (The Alexander Prize Essay), Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 16 (1933): 95-128.

“Ranulf Flambard,” Durham Castle and Cathedral.

Music: "Evening Melodrama" by Kevin Macleod (www.incompetech.com)